Features
•Features content written by top experts in the areas of CNS injury, rehabilitation and biomarker research
•Includes coverage of current biomarker identification and assessment in several clinical and experimental brain injury disorders
•Discusses different neurotherapeutic strategies along with current diagnostic and prognostic tools utilized in neurotrauma
•Presents an "omics" overview of different platforms (microRNA, neuroproteomics, genomics and neurosystems biology that have been applied to study brain injury mechanisms and pathways)
•Describes current experimental models used for blast, spinal cord, and traumatic brain injury
•Expands beyond the lab work experience and provides guidance on translating experimental results into the clinic

Summary

Every year, an estimated 1.7 million Americans sustain brain injury. Long-term disabilities impact nearly half of moderate brain injury survivors and nearly 50,000 of these cases result in death.

Over the last decade, the field of neurotrauma has witnessed significant advances, especially at the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. This progress is largely due to the introduction of novel techniques, as well as the development of new animal models of central nervous system (CNS) injury.

Brain Neurotrauma: Molecular, Neuropsychological, and Rehabilitation Aspects provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma, including brain injury pathophysiology, biomarker research, experimental models of CNS injury, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic interventions as well as neurorehabilitation strategies in the field of neurotraum research.


The book includes several sections on neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, neurocognitive/neurobehavioral deficits, and neurorehabilitation and treatment approaches. In addition, a section is devoted to models of mild CNS injury, including blast and sport-related injuries.

This book, with its diverse coherent content, is a valuable and comprehensive reference for individuals interested in the diverse and heterogeneous aspects of CNS pathology and/or rehabilitation needs.

Table of Contents

Experimental CNS Trauma: A General Overview of Neurotrauma Research; Jonathan Lifshitz


Combat TBI: History, Epidemiology and Injury Modes; Ralph G. DePalma


NEUROMECHANISMS IN BRAIN INJURY


Development of Concepts in the Pathology of Traumatic Axonal and Traumatic Brain Injury; William L. Maxwell


Pathophysiology of Mild TBI: Implications for Altered Signaling Pathways; Robert A. Laskowski, Jennifer A. Creed, and Ramesh Raghupathi


Oxidative Stress, Brain-Edema, Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Autonomic Dysfunction from Traumatic Brain Injury; Hale Zerrin Toklu and Nihal Tümer


The Contributing Role of Lipid Peroxidation and Protein Oxidation in the Course of CNS Injury Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection: An Overview; Edward D. Hall


IGF-1/IGF-R Signaling in Traumatic Brain Injury: Impact on Cell Survival, Neurogenesis, and Behavioral Outcome; Sindhu K. Madathil and Kathryn E. Saatman


Microglia in Experimental Brain Injury: Implications on Neuronal Injury and Circuit Remodeling; Megan N. Evilsizor, Helen F. Ray-Jones, Timothy W. Ellis, Jr., Jonathan Lifshitz, and Jenna M. Ziebell


Evaluating the Effects of APOE4 after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Models; Rebekah Mannix and William P. Meehan III


The Cytoprotective role of Prostaglandin D2 DP1 Receptor Against Neuronal Injury Following Acute Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia; Sylvain Doré and Abdullah Shafique Ahmad


MANAGEMENT IN CNS TRAUMA


Chronic Pain in Neurotrauma: Implications on Spinal Cord and Traumatic Brain Injury; Rabih A. Moshourab, Michael Schäfer, and Elie D. Al-Chaer


Nonconvulsive Seizures as Secondary Insults in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury; Laura Stone McGuire, Amade Bregy, Justin Sick, W. Dalton Dietrich, Helen M. Bramlett, and Thomas Sick


Characterization and Management of Headache after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; Sylvia Lucas


Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)-Induced Spasticity: Neurobiology, Treatment, and Rehabilitation; Prodip Bose, Jiamei Hou, and Floyd J. Thompson


MODELING BRAIN INJURY


Techniques and Methods of Animal Brain Surgery: Perfusion, Brain Removal, and Histological Techniques; Jihane Soueid, Amaly Nokkari, and Joelle Makoukji


Controlled Cortical Impact Model; Nicole D. Osier, Jonathan R. Korpon, and C. Edward Dixon


A Two-Model Approach to Investigate the Mechanisms Underlying Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury; Haoxing Chen, Shlomi Constantini, and Yun Chen


Acute Pathophysiology of Blast Injury: From Biomechanics to Experiments and Computations: Implications on Head and Polytrauma; Namas Chandra and Aravind Sundaramurthy


Modeling Fluid Percussion Injury: Relevance to Human Traumatic Brain Injury; Katharine Eakin, Rachel Rowe, and Jonathan Lifshitz


IMAGING AND BIOMARKERS


CNS Trauma Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints Pipeline from Bench to Bedside: A Translational Perspective; Tarek H. Mouhieddine, Leeanna El Houjeiri, Mirna Sabra, Ronald Hayes, and Stefania Mondello


The Use and Potential of pNF-H as a General Blood Biomarker of Axonal Loss: An Immediate Application for CNS Injury; Gerry Shaw


Exploring Serum Biomarkers for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; Linda Papa, Damyan Edwards, and Michelle Ramia


Modeling the Neurobehavioral Consequences of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Spectrum Disorder and Identifying Related Biomarkers; Denes V. Agoston and Alaa Kamnaksh


Magnetic Resonance Imaging Application in the Area of Mild and Acute Traumatic Brain Injury: Implication for Diagnostic Marker; Arnold Toth


Translational Metabolomics of Head Injury: Exploring Dysfunctional Cerebral Metabolism with ex Vivo NMR Spectroscopy-Based Metabolite Quantification; Stephanie M. Wolahan, Daniel Hirt, and Thomas C. Glenn


The Emerging Impact of microRNAs in Neurotrauma Pathophysiology and Therapy; Oneil G. Bhalala


Neuroproteome Dynamics in Modeled Brain Injury: A Systems Neurobiology Perspective; Pavel Lizhnyak, Hiyab Yohannes, and Andrew K. Ottens


Gene Interaction Hierarchy Analysis can be an Effective Tool for Managing Big Data Related to Unilateral Traumatic Brain Injury; Todd E. White and Byron D. Ford


Autoantibodies in CNS Trauma and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A New Generation of Biomarkers; Firas Kobeissy and Rabih A. Moshourab


Systems Biology Application to Decipher Mechanisms and Novel Biomarkers in CNS Trauma; Chenggang Yu and Firas Kobeissy


NEUROCOGNITIVE AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL TOPICS IN BRAIN INJURY


Neuropathology of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Correlation to Neurocognitive and Neurobehavioral Findings; Erin D. Bigler


Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Neuropsychological Evaluation and Findings; Nathaniel W. Nelson, Nicholas D. Davenport, and Scott R. Sponheim


Persistent Cognitive Deficits: Implications of Altered Dopamine in Traumatic Brain Injury; Hong Qu Yan, Nicole D. Osier, Jonathan Korpon, James W. Bales, Anthony E. Kline, Amy K. Wagner, and C. Edward Dixon


NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEUROPROTECTION


Rehabilitative Paradigms after Experimental Brain Injury: Relevance to Human Neurotrauma; Corina O. Bondi, Roya Tehranian-DePasquale, Jeffrey P. Cheng, Christina M. Monaco, Grace S. Griesbach, and Anthony E. Kline


Models of Posttraumatic Brain Injury Neurorehabilitation; Michelle D. Failla and Amy K. Wagner


Translational Considerations for Behavioral Impairment and Rehabilitation Strategies after Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury; Theresa Currier Thomas, Taylor A. Colburn, Kelsey Korp, Aida Khodadad, and Jonathan Lifshitz


Endothelin, Cerebral Blood Flow, and Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for a Future Therapeutic Target; Justin C. Graves and Christian W. Kreipke,


Application of Novel Therapeutic Agents for CNS Injury: NAAG Peptidase Inhibitors; Bruce G. Lyeth


Neuregulin-1 and Neurovascular Protection; Limin Wu, Samantha J. Walas, Wendy Leung, Eng H. Lo, and Josephine Lok


Potential Use of Calpain Inhibitors as Brain Injury Therapy; Emilio B. Cagmat, Joy D. Guingab-Cagmat, A.V. Vakulenko, R.L. Hayes, and John Anagli


Nanoparticles for Neurotherapeutic Drug Delivery in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Application in Neurotrauma; Mark S. Kindy and Alexey Vertegel


Stem Cell Therapy in Brain Trauma: Implications for Repair and Regeneration of Injured Brain in Experimental TBI Models; Andrew Rolfe and Dong Sun


Cortical Stimulation-Induced Structural Plasticity and Functional Recovery after Brain Damage; DeAnna L. Adkins


Cranial Nerve Noninvasive Neuromodulation: New Approach to Neurorehabilitation; Yuri Danilov, Kurt Kaczmarek, Kimberly Skinner, and Mitchell Tyler


MILD BRAIN INJURY AND SPORT CONCUSSION


Blast Injuries and Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Overview of Pathophysiology and Experimental Knowledge: Models and Findings; Ibolja Cernak


Animal Models for Concussion: Molecular and Cognitive Assessments—Relevance to Sport and Military Concussions; Hayde Bolouri and Henrik Zetterberg


The Problem of Neurodegeneration in Cumulative Sports Concussions: Emphasis on


Neurofibrillary Tangle Formation; Vassilis E. Koliatsos and Leyan Xu


SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND COMORBID CONDITIONS


Evidence for Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Alcohol in Animal Models and Clinical Studies of Traumatic Brain Injury; Anna N. Taylor and Richard L. Sutton


Modeling TBI-Induced Alterations in Alcohol Use Behaviors; James P. Caruso, Jennifer L. Lowing, and Alana C. Conti


Index